Overlapping toes, commonly known as hammer toes, are caused by the toes bending and curling downward, causing them to overlap with the neighboring toe. This disorder can affect any toe, although the second, third, or fourth toes are the most typically affected. Genetics, foot traumas, and specific medical problems can all contribute to overlapping toes.
Depending on the severity of the problem, there are many varieties of overlapping toes. The most moderate kind is flexible hammer toes, in which the toe may still be straightened out manually. Rigid hammer toes, on the other hand, are more serious, as the toe cannot be straightened out manually.
Causes
Genetics, when the problem is transmitted from family members, is one of the most prevalent reasons for overlapping toes. A foot injury, such as a sprain or fracture, can also cause the syndrome. Furthermore, some medical problems, such as arthritis, diabetes, and nerve abnormalities, can cause overlapping toes.
Symptoms
Pain, stiffness, and trouble walking or wearing shoes are among symptoms of overlapping toes. Because of the friction created by the overlapping toes rubbing against each other, the afflicted toes may develop calluses or corns. Overlapping toes can, in certain situations, contribute to the development of additional foot disorders such as bunions or hammertoes.
Treatment
The severity of the problem and the underlying reason influence treatment choices for overlapping toes. Wearing shoes with a large and deep toe box, utilizing orthotics or padding to cushion the toes, and using physical therapy to stretch and strengthen the muscles and tendons in the foot are all non-surgical therapies. In rare circumstances, a doctor may advise taping or splinting the injured toe to help keep it in place.
Surgery may be required in more severe situations to fix the overlapping toes. To straighten the toe, surgery may entail the excision of a tiny portion of bone or the use of pins or screws to retain the toe in the right position. The time it takes to recuperate from surgery varies, but it usually takes several weeks to many months. Wearing shoes that fit properly and give adequate support, keeping a healthy weight, and routinely extending and exercising the foot can all help to prevent overlapping toes. People with medical disorders, such as diabetes, should pay special attention to their feet and seek medical help as soon as they see any indications of overlapping toes or other foot concerns.